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星期六

  1. Charlie O’Neill 研究写作

    开源 AI 为何可能靠专业化模型等到与前沿实验室的差距缩小

    Charlie O’Neill 认为,开源 AI 无需在通用能力上追平前沿模型,只需通过领域数据、强化学习和更低推理成本扩大可经济自动化的工作范围。多数企业任务依赖专有数据与特定工作流,专业化的小模型可能比通用前沿模型更快、更便宜且更贴合实际分布。随着开放模型能力提高和服务成本下降,专业化层创造的收入还可能反哺后续模型训练。

    of an ecosystem of specialised models built on open-source than most people realise. And the ceiling is rising every quarter. So I don’t think open-source needs to wait out the frontier labs. I think it just has to wait out the gap. References The Michael Scott Paper Company. The Office; Nvidia GTC 2025: Built for Reasoning. SemiAnalysis (2025); Dario Amodei. Dwarkesh Podcast; Cournot competition. Wikipedia; Khatri et al.. The Art of Scaling Reinforcement Learning Compute for LLMs. arXiv (2025)

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星期五

  1. LG AI Research 官方博客

    LG AI Research 在 AAAI 2026 展示工业自动化快速原型平台 RAPID

    LG AI Research 在 AAAI 2026 演示环节发布 RAPID 平台,用于工业自动化的多机器人仿真与协调快速原型设计。该平台通过 Environment Builder 可视化搭建仓库、工厂布局,并以 YAML 文件导入导出,Simulation Dashboard 则实时展示吞吐量、任务完成时间、机器人状态与累计奖励等指标。RAPID 遵循 PettingZoo API 标准,可直接接入 EPyMARL 等框架训练的 MAPPO、QMIX 等 MARL 算法,无需修改代码。

    changing the shelf layout resolve the bottleneck?" required weeks to months using existing simulation platforms. Leading platforms in industrial simulation such as AnyLogic[2] and NVIDIA Omniverse[3] provide sophisticated physics simulations and photorealistic visualizations. However, this sophistication demands high technical expertise, substantial computing resources, and lengthy setup times. The pursuit of complex features and high fidelity has paradoxically failed to meet the practical need

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星期二

  1. Prime Intellect精选

    Prime Intellect 发布 Lab 全栈训练平台

    Prime Intellect 发布 Lab,把 Environments Hub、Hosted Training 和 Hosted Evaluations 整合为面向智能体后训练的全栈平台,覆盖大规模智能体 RL、推理与评测。平台以环境为核心,包含任务数据集、模型 harness 和评分 rubric,当前 Hosted Training 支持基于 prime-rl 的 LoRA 智能体 RL,后续将加入 SFT、DPO 等算法。私有测试期间已完成 3000 多次 RL 运行,Environments Hub 累计有 250 多位创作者构建 1000 多个环境、下载量超过 10 万次。

    Introducing Lab: The Full-Stack Platform for Training your Own Models

    see the list of currently available models for Hosted Training, do: Beyond our own INTELLECT-3 model, many awesome small and large models are available from organizations such as NVIDIA, Arcee, Hugging Face, Allen AI, Z.AI, Alibaba Qwen, and many more launching soon. We've also added experimental multimodality support and have deployed our first models to train on environments with image input. Runs are configured via a simple .toml file: To start a training, run: You can then view logs, traini

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星期一

  1. LMSYS Blog

    SGLang RL 团队实现 INT4 QAT 端到端 RL 训练,单张 H200 跑约 1TB 模型

    SGLang RL 团队在 slime 框架上复现并落地了 INT4 QAT 端到端方案,训练侧用假量化加 STE,推理侧用 W4A16 真实量化,使约 1TB 规模的 K2 类模型可装入单张 H200(141GB)。消融实验显示,训练端假量化与推理端真实量化必须同时开启,否则训练与推理的 logprob 差异会明显增大;在 Qwen3-235B-A22B 和 Kimi-K2-Thinking 上,BF16 训练加 INT4 推理的奖励与评测分数走势与 BF16、FP8 方案基本重合。团队称 INT4 的主要收益来自显存压缩带来的单节点 rollout,因为 H 系列 GPU 没有原生 INT4 Tensor Core,其计算速度与 FP8 大致同档。

    End-to-end QAT INT4 pipeline

    d. As an industry “good enough” quantization standard, INT4 strikes a rational balance across performance, risk, and maintenance cost. That said, we also plan to explore FP4 RL on NVIDIA Blackwell GPUs in the future. For training, we use the classic combination of fake quantization + STE. By maintaining BF16 master weights, simulating quantization noise in the forward pass, and passing gradients straight through in the backward pass, we maximize convergence and stability in low-precision trainin

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星期四

  1. Mistral AI精选

    堆也会撒谎:调试 vLLM 内存泄漏

    Mistral AI 定位了 vLLM 在 Mistral Medium 3.1、图编译及 Prefill/Decode 分离部署下每分钟增长 400 MB 的内存泄漏,根因是 NIXL 依赖的 UCX 拦截 mmap,并让待清理区域在 RCache 失效队列中累积。设置 UCX_MEM_MMAP_HOOK_MODE=none 可消除泄漏且未影响性能,另可将 UCX_RCACHE_MAX_UNRELEASED 设为 1024;相关修复已合并至 vLLM,UCX 与 NIXL 团队也计划在未来版本中调整行为。

    E2f0fa05 5d77 4acc Ac9b 43e10db5769c Copie

    tance and collaboration in resolving this issue: Robert Shaw (Red Hat, vLLM and llm-d Maintainer) Will Eaton (Red Hat, vLLM and llm-d Maintainer) Nicolò Lucchesi (Red Hat, vLLM and llm-d Maintainer) Mikhail Brinskii (NVIDIA, NIXL Maintainer) Leonid Genkin (NVIDIA, UCX Maintainer) Interested in tackling challenges like these? Join us at Mistral AI and help shape the future of AI infrastructure. We’re always looking for talented engineers and researchers to collaborate on cutting-edge projects. 0%

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星期二

  1. Liquid AI 模型与工程博客精选

    Liquid AI 发布 LFM2.5-1.2B-Thinking 端侧推理模型,内存占用低于 1GB

    Liquid AI 发布 LFM2.5-1.2B-Thinking,一款完全在设备端运行的推理模型,在手机上内存占用低于 900 MB,已在 Hugging Face、LEAP 和 Playground 上线。该模型为 1.2B 参数,相比 LFM2.5-1.2B-Instruct 在 MATH-500 上从 63 提升到 88、Multi-IF 从 61 提升到 69、BFCLv3 从 49 提升到 57,并在多数推理基准上匹配或超过参数量多 40% 的 Qwen3-1.7B。训练上采用课程式 RL 与模型合并,通过偏好对齐和 n-gram 重复惩罚把 doom loop 比例从 15.74% 降到 0.36%,并获 Qualcomm、Ollama、FastFlowLM、Cactus Compute 等新发布伙伴支持。

    ross the most popular inference frameworks, including llama.cpp, MLX, vLLM, and ONNX Runtime. All frameworks support both CPU and GPU acceleration across Apple, AMD, Qualcomm, and Nvidia hardware. You can find the entire family of LFM2.5 models here: To ensure the LFM2.5 family runs efficiently wherever you need it, we are rapidly expanding our hardware and software ecosystem by welcoming Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., Ollama, FastFlowLM, and Cactus Compute as new launch partners. “Qualcomm Techno

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星期一

  1. VentureBeat AI

    Block 开源 AI 编码智能体 Goose,对标 Claude Code 且完全免费

    Block 推出的开源 AI 编码智能体 Goose 提供与 Claude Code 相近的功能,但可完全在本地运行,无需订阅费、无速率限制。Goose 在 GitHub 上已获得超过 26,100 颗星,有 362 名贡献者和 102 个版本,最新版本 1.20.1 于 1 月 19 日发布。它支持任意 LLM,可通过 Ollama 搭配 Qwen 2.5 等开源模型本地运行,并集成 MCP 连接外部服务;代价是模型质量、上下文窗口和速度仍不及 Claude 4.5 Opus 等商业方案。

    的编码任务。 显而易见的问题是:你需要什么样的电脑? 在本地运行大型语言模型所需的计算资源远高于普通软件。关键的限制因素是内存——具体来说,在大多数系统上是 RAM,如果使用独立显卡加速则是 VRAM。 Block 的文档建议,32 GB 的 RAM 可提供“较大模型和输出的可靠基线”。对于 Mac 用户来说,这意味着电脑的统一内存是主要瓶颈。对于使用独立 NVIDIA 显卡的 Windows 和 Linux 用户来说,GPU 内存(VRAM)对加速更为重要。 “你不需要运行最大的模型就能获得出色的结果,”Sareen 强调说。实用建议是:先用较小的模型测试你的工作流程,然后根据需要扩大规模。 作为参考,Apple 入门级 8 GB RAM 的 MacBook Air 在运行大多数能力较强的编码模型时会很吃力。但 32 GB 的 MacBook Pro——在专业开发者中越来越常见——可以轻松应对。 搭配本地 LLM 的 Goose 并非 Claude Code 的完美替代品。这一比较涉及开发者应当了解的实实在在的权衡。 模型质量:Anthropic 的旗舰模型 Claude 4.5 O

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星期四

  1. LMSYS Blog

    SGLang 流水线并行:扩展至百万 token 上下文

    SGLang 发布高度优化的流水线并行(PP)实现,通过分块流水线并行、异步 P2P 通信和动态分块机制应对超长上下文推理。在 H20 集群上,PP4 TP8 部署使 DeepSeek-V3.1 的 Prefill 吞吐量达到 TP8 的 3.31 倍,比 TP32 方案高出 30.5%,同时 TTFT 最多降低 67.9%,强扩展效率达 82.8%。该实现兼容 PD 分离与 HiCache。

    Li (from TikTok), Siyu Liu (from Alibaba Cloud Computing), Xiaolei Zhang (from ByteDance), Teng Ma (from Alibaba Cloud Computing), Chao Wang (from Meituan), and Xiaowei Wang (from NVIDIA) for their prominent contribution in code improvement and testing; We learn a lot from the system design of SGLang, Mooncake[1], and TeraPipe[3], which jointly help improve this Pipeline Parallelism implementation Reference [1] Qin, Ruoyu, et al. "Mooncake: A kvcache-centric disaggregated architecture for llm se

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星期一

  1. Liquid AI 模型与工程博客精选

    Liquid AI 发布 LFM2.5 端侧模型家族,含 1.2B 文本、VL 与 Audio 变体

    Liquid AI 发布 LFM2.5-1.2B 模型家族,预训练规模从 10T 扩展到 28T token,并扩大强化学习后训练流程,包含 Base、Instruct、日语、视觉语言和音频语言模型。其中 LFM2.5-Audio-1.5B 采用新的 LFM 音频解分词器,在移动 CPU 上比 LFM2 的 Mimi 解分词器快 8 倍,并以 INT4 量化感知训练。所有模型均为开放权重,已在 Hugging Face 和 LEAP 上线,并获 llama.cpp、MLX、vLLM、ONNX 首日支持,AMD 与 Nexa AI 提供 NPU 优化版本。

    oints enable deployment across diverse accelerators and runtimes, from cloud to edge devices. All frameworks support both CPU and GPU acceleration across Apple, AMD, Qualcomm, and Nvidia hardware. Launch Partnerships We are also partnering with AMD and Nexa AI to bring the LFM2.5 family to NPUs. These optimized models are available through our partners, enabling highly efficient on-device inference. These capabilities unlock new deployment scenarios across various devices, including vehicles, mo

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星期二

  1. Ahead of AI

    2025 年大语言模型回顾:进展、局限与未来预测

    Sebastian Raschka 回顾 2025 年大语言模型发展,认为主要进展来自 RLVR、GRPO、推理时扩展、工具调用及架构效率优化,而非单纯扩大预训练规模。他指出公开基准已难以可靠反映真实能力,并预测 2026 年 RLVR 将扩展到数学和编码以外的领域,本地工具调用与智能体能力会逐步普及。文章同时主张将 AI 作为提升专业工作的伙伴,而非完全替代人的思考、编码与研究。

    geting the attention mechanism to scale linearly with sequence length. Examples of this include the Gated DeltaNets in Qwen3-Next and Kimi Linear, as well as the Mamba-2 layers in NVIDIA’s Nemotron 3. Anyways, I don’t want to go into too much detail here because I have a whole 13k-word and recently-updated article dedicated to these architectures here if you want to learn more: The Big LLM Architecture Comparison. My prediction is that we will keep building, and with the transformer architecture

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星期日

  1. Modal 官方工程博客

    Modal 如何维护 2 万块 GPU 的健康运行

    Modal 将其全球分布式 GPU 池扩展到超过 2 万块并发 GPU,过去几年启动逾 400 万个云实例,并公开了其 GPU 可靠性系统。该系统涵盖云实例类型测试与选择、机器镜像准备、实例启动检查、被动与主动 GPU 健康检查,以及可观测性与支持。Modal 发现各云厂商在实例可靠性上差异显著,例如 Cloud A 请求后 99.6% 能成功启动,Cloud C 的 H100 曾在 2025 年数月内温度超过 90ºC。

    Timeseries graph showing our machine image rollout

    rved H100 memory than the others. Thus, it has less memory for our customers to use; Cloud D A10s have frequent hardware-side clock slowdowns (HW SLOWDOWN and HW POWER BRAKE); The NVIDIA A10s in one of Cloud D’s US regions have more frequent uncorrectable ECC errors. Unfortunately, this isn’t something you find out quickly; Cloud D has the best price/performance. Its bare metal servers are beasts Typically, our provider ranking is capacity and price led, but we additionally maintain internal adj

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星期三

  1. LG AI Research 官方博客

    LG AI Research 解析 Agentic AI 威胁建模与护栏实现策略

    LG AI Research 在 2025 AI Ethics Seminar 中分析了 Agentic AI 的安全威胁,指出其风险已从聊天机器人时代的“内容安全”转向“行动安全”与“目标完整性”。文章梳理了间接提示词注入(IPI)、意图破坏与目标操纵等关键威胁,并介绍了 OWASP 等机构针对 Agentic AI 建立的新威胁模型与护栏实现策略。

    SSH_2cf5ee091.png

    aluate tool-call parameters or business logic errors – cases where the text itself appears harmless, but the execution outcome could be dangerous 2. Programmable guardrails (e.g., NVIDIA NeMo Guardrails) To address these limitations, programmable frameworks, such as NVIDIA NeMo Guardrails, must serve as the core structural backbone[7]. No matter how advanced a model may be, it cannot manage the entire logic of a complex system independently. Image 3. NeMo Guardrail Architecture[7] NeMo defines d

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星期二

  1. Mistral AI精选

    Mistral AI 推出 Devstral 2、Devstral Small 2 与 Mistral Vibe CLI

    Mistral AI 推出 Devstral 2 编程模型家族及开源命令行智能体 Mistral Vibe CLI,可执行跨文件代码修改与工程任务。123B 和 24B 模型均支持 256K 上下文,在 SWE-bench Verified 上分别获得 72.2% 和 68.0%;小模型支持消费级硬件本地部署。Devstral 2 目前可免费调用 API,免费期后输入与输出每百万 Token 分别为 $0.40 和 $2.00。

    Devstral   Swe Bench Verified  Open Weights Vs Proprietary Models (light) (1)

    so you can use it directly inside your IDE. Devstral 2 is optimized for data center GPUs and requires a minimum of 4 H100-class GPUs for deployment. You can try it today on build.nvidia.com . Devstral Small 2 is built for single-GPU operation and runs across a broad range of NVIDIA systems, including DGX Spark and GeForce RTX. NVIDIA NIM support will be available soon. Devstral Small runs on consumer-grade GPUs as well as CPU-only configurations with no dedicated GPU required. For optimal perfo

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星期三

  1. Ahead of AI精选

    DeepSeek V3 至 V3.2 模型技术演进全览

    DeepSeek V3.2 延续 V3 系列架构,并引入 DeepSeek Sparse Attention、自验证、自改进及多项 GRPO 训练调整。文章梳理了 V3、R1、V3.1、V3.2-Exp、DeepSeekMath V2 和 V3.2-Speciale 的演进,解释 MLA、RLVR 与混合推理模式等关键机制。更新部分还介绍了用于改善训练稳定性和收敛表现的 mHC 残差路径研究。

    saw on various social media platforms that people were pronouncing the team “dead” (as a one-hit wonder). I am sure the DeepSeek team has also been busy navigating the switch from NVIDIA to Huawei chips. By the way, I am not affiliated with them or have spoken with them; everything here is based on public information. As far as I know, they are back to using NVIDIA chips. Finally, it’s also not that they haven’t released anything. There have been a couple of smaller releases that trickled in thi

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  2. Mistral AI精选

    Mistral AI 推出 Mistral 3

    Mistral AI 推出 Mistral 3 模型家族,包括 3B、8B 和 14B 的 Ministral 3,以及采用稀疏 MoE 架构、含 41B 激活参数和 675B 总参数的 Mistral Large 3,均以 Apache 2.0 许可证发布。Ministral 3 提供 base、instruct 和 reasoning 版本,Mistral Large 3 提供 base 与 instruct 版本并将推出 reasoning 版本;该系列现已登陆 Mistral AI Studio、Amazon Bedrock、Azure Foundry、Hugging Face 等平台。

    Chart Base Models (1)

    ins the ranks of frontier instruction-fine-tuned open-source models. Mistral Large 3 is one of the best permissive open weight models in the world, trained from scratch on 3000 of NVIDIA’s H200 GPUs. Mistral Large 3 is Mistral’s first mixture-of-experts model since the seminal Mixtral series, and represents a substantial step forward in pretraining at Mistral. After post-training, the model achieves parity with the best instruction-tuned open-weight models on the market on general prompts, while

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星期二

  1. Modal 官方工程博客

    Modal 工程博客:主机开销正在拖垮你的推理效率

    Modal 官方工程博客指出,AI 推理中的主机开销表现为 GPU kernel 利用率偏低,即 GPU 因等待 CPU 准备任务而空转。若主机开销达到 50%,推理的 GPU 成本将是原本的 2 倍,而 GPU 成本通常是推理成本的主要来源。文章建议用 PyTorch Profiler 或 Nsight Systems 追踪 CUDA 流中的空隙,并通过在 GPU 上构造张量、减少 CPU 与 GPU 间不必要的数据传输和同步来降低开销。

    A diagram depicting inference with and without host overhead

    e utilization. Host overhead appears in the middle: progress is halted at the level of the entire GPU while it waits for the CPU to prepare work for it. This metric is reported by nvidia-smi and other tools as “GPU Utilization”. We prefer the more descriptive “GPU Kernel Utilization” — what fraction of your GPU’s capacity to run CUDA kernels are you using? It is 100% if at least one CUDA kernel was running on the GPU at every point in time during measurement. If there is always work for the syst

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星期二

  1. Ahead of AI

    标准 LLM 之外有哪些替代架构

    Sebastian Raschka 梳理了标准自回归 Transformer 之外的线性注意力混合架构、文本扩散模型、代码世界模型和小型递归 Transformer。文章比较了这些路线在长上下文效率、生成质量、代码建模和专用推理上的取舍,并认为通用项目目前仍应优先采用成熟的自回归 Transformer。

    transformer components, whereas I see the models discussed here (Qwen3-Next and Kimi Linear) as transformers with SSM components. However, since I have listed IBM Granite 4.0 and NVIDIA Nemotron Nano 2 in the transformer-SSM box, an argument could be made for putting them into a single category.) If you are working with or on LLMs, for example, building applications, fine-tuning models, or trying new algorithms, I would make these models my go-to. They are tested, proven, and perform well. More

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  2. Modal 官方工程博客

    Modal 用 Pipecat 和开源模型实现一秒内语音到语音延迟

    Modal 工程博客介绍了如何用 Modal、开源框架 Pipecat 和开源权重模型搭建语音 AI 聊天机器人,在客户端与容器就近部署时实现约一秒的中位语音到语音延迟。方案采用 Parakeet-tdt-v3 做语音转文字、Qwen3-4B-Instruct-2507 配合 vLLM 做 LLM 推理、Kokoro 做语音合成,并用 ChromaDB 与 all-minilm-l6-v2 完成 RAG 检索。作者还分享了用 Modal Tunnels 绕过输入平面降低网络延迟、通过区域固定和独立自动扩缩容控制成本的做法,代码已在 GitHub 仓库公开。

    Diagram depicting a person speaking to a voice bot composed of STT, LLM, and TTS services

    t and can return both partial and final transcription results. However, we found that in practice using Pipecat’s local VAD and turn detection to segment audio and passing that to NVIDIA’s parakeet-tdt-0.6b-v3 was faster than the open weights streaming implementations we tried or implementing our own VAD alongside the model. While this doesn’t provide the real-time feel of partial transcripts, when it comes down to total voice-to-voice latency, the only thing that matters is the final transcript

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星期二

  1. vLLM 官方博客精选

    vLLM 上 Kimi K2 工具调用准确率的深度调试

    vLLM 与 Kimi 团队修复了 Kimi K2 的关键工具调用兼容问题,使成功解析的调用数从 218 个增至 971 个,提升 4.4x。问题涉及缺失 add_generation_prompt、空 content 的结构转换,以及历史工具调用 ID 不符合 functions.func_name:idx 格式。修复后仍出现 316 次 schema_validation_error_count,团队正协作将用于约束工具选择的 Enforcer 组件集成到 vLLM。

    helping me onboard the vLLM project and explain all the details of vLLM’s toolcall functionality. vLLM plays an important role in LLM serving, and diving deep into vLLM helps me understand the nuts and bolts of LLMs. Related Posts Day 0 Support for Qwen3.8-2.4T-A95B on vLLM Day-0 vLLM support for Qwen3.8-2.4T-A95B: a 2.4-trillion-parameter hybrid MoE model served out of the box, with FP8/BF16 checkpoints plus NVFP4 and MXFP4 quantized weights, and co-developed kernels on NVIDIA and AMD hardware.

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星期一

  1. vLLM 官方博客

    vLLM 支持 DeepSeek-V3.2-Exp:实现细粒度稀疏注意力

    vLLM 为 DeepSeek-V3.2-Exp 提供 Day 0 支持,实现面向长上下文任务的 DeepSeek Sparse Attention,并可在 B200 和 GB200 上运行。模型支持 FP8 KV cache,每个新查询 token 通过索引器选择 top 2048 tokens;当前仅支持 block size 64,可用 16×H100、8×H200 或 8×B200 部署。

    tes with the lightning indexer CUDA kernels in DeepGEMM, as well as the new sparse attention kernel in FlashMLA. We are also excited about Blackwell support. In collaboration with NVIDIA, you can run this model directly on B200 and GB200! Usage Guide Once installed, on 16×H100, 8×H200, or 8×B200, you can run the model with tensor parallelism (expert parallelism has a slight bug we are fixing): To deploy at scale, we look forward to sharing our one-click Kubernetes deployment using llm-d later th

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