What exactly are automakers aiming for by building humanoid robots?
Automakers building humanoid robots aim to incubate new businesses using the funding, real factory tasks, and supply chain capabilities of their automotive operations—first validating them in manufacturing and store scenarios, then pursuing external customers. Tesla's Optimus has already begun production at the Fremont factory, with external delivery targets still around the end of 2027, and plans to build 10,000 to 20,000 units for training; Figure 02 has accumulated more than 1,250 hours of operation at BMW's factory, and a forearm failure prompted a wrist structure change in the third generation. Hyundai controls Boston Dynamics, XPeng develops IRON in-house, and Mojia leverages Chery's channels—the approaches differ, but whether internal trials can translate into sustained paying external customers remains to be verified.
Automakers building humanoid robots aim to incubate new businesses using the funding, real factory tasks, and supply chain capabilities of their automotive operations—first validating them in manufacturing and store scenarios, then pursuing external customers. Tesla's Optimus has already begun production at the Fremont factory, with external delivery targets still around the end of 2027, and plans to build 10,000 to 20,000 units for training; Figure 02 has accumulated more than 1,250 hours of op
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